Conflicting Opinions Over the Popular Front Government in...

After the ruling of the corrupt King Alfonso XIII and the horrible massacre the army faced when it was sent to Spanish Morocco, the progressive Popular Front government was elected. In 1936, with the promise of land reform, the conservative forces gathered to plan for resistance. The Spanish left wing, on the other hand, celebrated the elections so joyfully that made the conservative military officers, capitalists and churchman worried that a much broader reform would begin. Rumors of plotting for a military coup led the Republicans to send high – ranking military officers to remote postings in order to make communication and coordination between them more challenging. However, it was not enough, the planning for a military uprising continued. When the military coup failed to gain control of the entire country, the civil war started between the Nationalists and the Republicans. The Nationalists received aid from Italy ( at the time, fascist and under the control of *******) and from the Nazi Germany. The Republicans, however, received aid from the Soviet Union and from the International Brigades (composed of volunteers from Europe and the United States). The war was the result of the polarization of the Spanish life and politics that developed over the previous decades since it’s monarchic government. Roman Catholics, businessman and landowners were the most notable components of the Nationalist side. At the time, the Republic was considered to be a danger to theShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesdeploy to demarcate historical epochs, the twentieth century does not appear to be a very coherent unit. The beginnings and ends of what we choose to call centuries are almost invariably years of little significance. But there is little agreement over when the twentieth century c.e. arrived, and there were several points both before the year 2000 (the collapse of the Soviet Union, the reunification of Germany, the surge of globalization from the mid-1990s) and afterward (9/11, or the globalRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesStatements? ........................................................................... 140 Assessing a Sources Credibility .................................................................................................. 144 Seeking a Second Opinion ............................................................................................................ 147 Trust Me, I Know It on Good Authority ..................................................................................... 149 SuspendingRead MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 Pagesfeatured in the case studies †¢ Classic cases – over 30 case studies from previous editions of the book †¢ The Strategy Experience simulation gives you hands-on experience of strategic analysis and putting strategy into action Resources for instructors †¢ Instructor’s manual, including extensive teaching notes for cases and suggested teaching plans †¢ PowerPoint slides, containing key information and figures from the book †¢ Secure testbank containing over 600 questions †¢ Support for the Strategy ExperienceRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesreader to extend this linking of theory and practice further by analysing the strategic issues of speciï ¬ c organisations in much greater depth – and often providing ‘solutions’ to some of the problems or difï ¬ culties identiï ¬ ed in the case. There are also over 33 classic ca ses on the Companion Website. These are a selection of cases from recent editions of the book which remain relevant for teaching. The case studies are intended to serve as a basis for class discussion and not as an illustration of eitherRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesSocial Loafing Shirking? 300 Case Incident 1 Negative Aspects of Collaboration? 300 Case Incident 2 Herd Behavior and the Housing Bubble (and Collapse) 301 CONTENTS xiii 10 Understanding Work Teams 307 Why Have Teams Become So Popular? 308 Differences Between Groups and Teams 309 Types of Teams 310 Problem-Solving Teams 310 †¢ Self-Managed Work Teams 310 †¢ Cross-Functional Teams 311 †¢ Virtual Teams 312 Creating Effective Teams 312 Context: What Factors Determine Whether Teams Are

Card 405- Rough Draft Portfolio - 1921 Words

Natalia Perez Portfolio September 28, 2012 Table of Contents Statement of Authenticity †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Personal Mission Statement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 Elevator Speech †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Education†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 Resume†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.9 Professional development and Training †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦..10 Reference†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.11 Reference List †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..12 Awards and Accomplishments †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 Volunteer History †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..14 Professional Affiliations †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..15 Career Path†¦show more content†¦I will also inspire my children to dream and reach for those dreams just by telling them my experiences in my life. At the end of my life I would hope that I have taught my children what is the best decision which will go on for many generations. Elevator Speech Hello, my name is Ani Ohanian. I recently graduated from DeVry University. I majored in Business Administration with a concentration on Health Services Management. I am looking to find a job that I can help achieve my goals. Would you happen to know anyone that is hiring? Education 1. Plan of Study DeVry University Sherman Oaks, CA Business Administration concentration Health Services Management BSBA candidate June 2013 Dean’s List 2. Course Description ACCT 212 Financial Accounting This course focuses on ways in which financial statements reflect business operations and emphasizes use of financial statements in the decision-making process. The course encompasses all business forms and various sectors such as merchandising, manufacturing and service. Students make extensive use of spreadsheet applications to analyze accounting records and financial statements. Prerequisites: COMP100 and MATH114 / 4-4 ACCT 346Show MoreRelatedProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pagesand time baseline schedule (1.3.5) [8.1.3] 6.5.2.3 Critical chain method Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Reducing Project Duration Leadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management ChapterRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesexternal innovation. Biotechs were contributing an increasing share of the industry’s new products via licensing deals. 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Authentication of Paintings Essay Example For Students

Authentication of Paintings Essay Analyzing such anomalies is critical to gaining understanding Of the paintings composition, origin and age. For example, scientists may uncover a forged 16th century Titian painting it contains zinc-white paint. Science studies art opposite the way that a connoisseur would. While the connoisseur generally tries to expand the opus of artwork, forensics aims to exclude forgeries. This sort of guilty until innocent approach that forensic science takes to art research is one whereby a work is not considered authentic until its attributes contort to set standards. Forensic_ analysis also offers critical insights into a paintings style and physical composition. Even if a forged painting is made using authentic materials, forensics can reveal anomalies in its content or other features. For example, a forged Titian can be eliminated if the paints copper content does not conform to established parameters, which is possible even if the forger had used the correct types of paints. Basically, there are two types Of forensic analysis. The first one involves photographic techniques that use infrared, X-ray and ultraviolet light. This is the most common form Of scientific test, but its major weakness is that it does not study actual samples. Infrared Refractorys identifies markings or drawings underneath the painted surface. In the old masters, under-drawings were often drawn directly on the canvas as a sketch for the painting. Examining under-drawings can help to establish the paintings authenticity and can be compared against the artists style, This radiation can also detect authentic signatures indistinguishable to the naked eye, or reveal fake signatures that were added after the completion of a forgery. Infra-red light lies just outside the visible spectrum, It overlaps with the red area tot the spectrum and the microwave region. Conservators use wavelengths tot radiation from the near infra-red part of the spectrum CLC mostly in the range of 75002000 manometers. This relatively long low frequency wavelength is able to penetrate through the upper layers off painting or work on paper, such as oil paint, to the drawing underneath. An intra-red reflector is created by capturing an image of the infra-red wavelengths that are reflected into a camera lens. Infra-red examination is commonly used to look at an artists working technique. It provides clues as to how a work Of art has been constructed, and Often gives an indication of the materials that the artist used. As some paints and varnishes can appear transparent in infra-red light, details hidden beneath the surface may be revealed. Graphite pencil, charcoal lines and other carbon-based drawing media used during the early stages of developing a work of art are enhanced using infra-red refractorys. X-ray photography uses short-wave radiation to detect alterations in a painting, areas of a painting that have been repaired or changed and also identity certain types of X-ray absorbing pigments, like lead white and led-tin yellow. Since dates when these paints were introduced have been determined, their presence can shed light on the paintings time of execution, Coupled with XIV light analysis to reveal areas of in-painting these techniques can aid in the identification of pigments. However, though X-ray photography is able to detect lead-based paints, it cannot quantify the paints precise lead content. In addition these technologies are incapable of analyzing organic material such as the binding ingredients in paints. This means investigating a painting through photographic examination alone can reduce highly deceptive results, and they must be employed in tangent With additional tests to properly assess a painting. The second (and more effective) category of scientific testing involves the extraction and analysis Of samples from a painting. The most advanced method is Reflection X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Analysis (TEXT), which examines pigments taken from a painting using X-rays. .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f , .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f .postImageUrl , .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f , .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f:hover , .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f:visited , .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f:active { border:0!important; } .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f:active , .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u58ec0e5ce33cbec85b8ecb5adde1222f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Annunciation: A Painting by Francisco de Zurbaran EssayThe extraction process involves obtaining a micro-sample by brushing a cotton swab over the surface of a painting. The sample is then subjected to high-intensity X-ray radiation, automating the chemicals in the sample and causing them to release secondary X-ray signals. Each element in the sample emits a unique signature, revealing the precise elemental contents of the sample. TEXT examination differs from other photography techniques because it involves the analysis tot actual paint samples rather than Nan-intrusive photography. Thus it can produce far more detailed forensic chemical reports compared to non-intrusive photography. According to scientists R. Clockmaker et al, a characterization of the pigments may help in assigning a probable date. To the painting. This is because each type of paint has a unique chemical composition which is traceable to the time it Vass introduced gore example, Prussian Blue was introduced in 1710. Therefore, if a painting attributed to Rembrandt contains Prussian Blue, it can be immediately dismissed as a forgery, However, there are also more intrusive forensic analysis techniques that require paint samples. These methods are very effective, but are considered unacceptable to many galleries because they cause a small amount Of damage to a work. One such test is the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AS) test. Lab samples for AS can be carefully cut from the back side Of a painting, but although it is a destructive technique, the sample size needed is very small (typically about 10 milliards). Solid samples are then dissolved, often using strong acids. A minute quantity of the liquid sample solution, about 0. 0100. 02 the size off raindrop (20050 is sprayed into a nitrous oxide. Acetylene or air-acetylene flame, which vaporizes the solution, releasing metal atoms from their chemical compounds and converting them into their elemental forms. A beam of light passes through the flame, and some of the atoms in the sample pour absorb energy from this light. Light shone through the flame is of a suitable wavelength for a particular element, and some of this light is absorbed by the atoms tot t he sample. A detector on the other side measures the intensity Of this light, and records the results. The results obtained would reveal the concentration of the element in the solution, and thus in the original painting. Each chemical element in the sample requires a different lamp that emits the characteristic wavelength of light that the element can absorb, which means the elements in a sample must be tested one at a time. To increase the precision f the measurements, laboratory technicians compare the results with a series of standards, solutions with known concentrations of the element of interest. Often, they account for interferences from the other chemical elements in the samples by running matrix standards that simulate the bulk characteristics of the corresponding unknown samples. Flame AS techniques are the oldest methods, measuring parts-per-million element concentrations With accuracies in the 1-3% range. Graphite furnace AS, uses much smaller samples, making parts-per-billion measurements With about 20% accuracy. The newest technique, diode laser AS, looks at several elements in a sample simultaneously using an array of lasers that emit various wavelengths of light. A mathematical process is then used to separate the mixture of light wavelengths that reaches the detector. These are used to detect materials that do not conform to the standards of the time and place off painting and/or chemical anomalies in it. Like the TEXT test, these methods analyses trace elements in paint and can determine whether the paint was produced after the work was supposed to have been made, Other techniques include the study of carbon-based binders such as oil and glue seed in paint media, which can be dated according to their carbon-14 content . Scientists have also developed a new method capable of accurately determining the age of the paint film itself, which was previously impossible via the standard carbon testing method. .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604 , .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604 .postImageUrl , .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604 , .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604:hover , .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604:visited , .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604:active { border:0!important; } .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604:active , .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604 .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u930fcee7f5428751b85876515e67e604:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Cave Art and Paintings and Their Meaning EssayThey can cross-reference these tests with DNA analysis of organic matter used in painting , tracing these components to their places of origin. Although the aforementioned techniques are crucial in determining the authenticity of a painting a painting cannot be considered authentic without both forensic and stylistic analysis. However, claims that a trained eye is sufficient to authenticate a painting are simply untrue, as one cannot detect carbon-14 content, lead isotopes or Other chemical anomalies unique to particular painters by looking at a painting.